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Spirited Away (2001)

One of the big ones to come out of Studio Ghibli and with good reason, Spirited Away follows protagonist Chihiro who finds herself in the spirit world where her parents have been turned into pigs. Chihiro must work under the ruthless Yubaba in a bathhouse for spirits where she is forced to take care of the visiting spirits, including the mysterious No-Face. With the help of a young boy called Haku, Chihiro navigates her way around the land of spirits and eventually learns more about herself and what she is capable of in order to return to the human world with her parents. This is commonly seen as Miyazaki’s opus as it brought international acclaim the studio hadn’t experienced before as well as a slew of awards such as the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. The story of identity and place is one that resonated with the critical commercial audiences and has made Spirited Away an instant classic. In true Miyazaki style, the film is enjoyable for all ages and can be watched time and time again and still be just as rewarding. The film has you laughing, crying and grimacing as we encounter various characters and are thrust into the unknown. 

Ten year old Chihiro is forced to move away as her dad starts a new job. Unhappy about the move, we are first introduced to her as she sulks in the car with a bouquet gifted by her classmates. Chihiro is soon forced to think beyond her years to navigate a way out of the spirit world with her parents. She is a character who finds her own strength and relies on herself to figure this out. On entering the Bathhouse, Chihiro is overwhelmed by all of the creatures but is soon tasked with carrying out there needs. The Stink Spirit is the breakthrough moment as Chihiro passes the test and understands what the spirit needs. Anothe protagonist is dragon/river spirit Haku, who initially takes form as a boy Chihiro’s age. Haku immediately sees Chihiro and helps disguise her from other spirits before she is given permission to reside in the spirit world. At the top of the bathhouse lives Yubaba, a witch who runs the facilities. After failing Chihiro off, she strips Chihiro off her name and gives her the identity Sen. Soon enough Chihiro becomes Sen and forgets who she is as she is enveloped in the spirit world. By losing herself, she loses sight of the mission to get home. Yubaba is a character who has no motive to act for or against Chihiro and simply allows Chihiro to work in the bathhouse while she goes on her journey of self-discovery.

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The animation is spectacular is on a level that hasn’t been seen before and not really since (The Tale of the Princess Kaguya being another great example). A beautiful mix of Japanese folklore and fantasy, Spirited Away makes use of the scenery and locations. By setting the film in a fantasy universe, it gives the animation team an unlimited scope in design and allows Miyazaki to create a world from scratch. Not only is Miyazaki creating his own version of the spirit world but it also offering an entirely unique perspective on various aspects of Japanese culture. The whole film is crammed full of amazing sequences but among the most iconic in Ghibli history has to be Chihiro running through the garden paths surrounded by rose bushes is simple yet dreamy. It’s only a short moment but the angles and colours are perfect as Chihiro anticipates seeing her parents.  Other brilliantly crafted scenes include the food feast where Chihiro’s parents are turned into pigs. The satisfying layout of the food contrasts with the disgusting design for both her parents when they’re eating the food and consequently the design of the pigs themselves. The detail of the creases in the skin and the sweat is disgusting but then Ghibli isn’t a studio that glosses over the grotesque.

I can’t review a Ghibli film and not discuss the music. The score from Joe Hisaishi is instantly his most recognisable to date, spanning thousands of covers on YouTube and being a prominent inclusion in his concerts. The soundtrack is nothing less than stunning and totally deserving of its praise. The opening number and the main track associated with the film, “One Summer’s Day”, contains a mix of melancholy and hope. It’s slowness reflects the sadness that Chihiro feels about leaving her old life behind but it’s still uplifting and hopeful at the same time. The piece is soft and pretty and immediately brings you into Chihiro’s world. As soon as we enter the spirit world, the score completely shifts. The peaceful slowness is soon replaced with harsh brass and a quickened pace as Chihiro becomes an outsider in a new place and is forced to hide. Tracks such as “The Dragon Boy” are filled with the grandeur that lives up to Spirited Away’s epic feel. Hisaishi’s score helps to transport the audience into Miyazaki’s universe.

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A film like Spirited Away doesn’t come often with direction and writing that is filled with such love and passion for storytelling. Miyazaki outdid himself with this one and it’s a film that will go down in history. There are an array of supporting characters who all bring significance, even if it’s a small payoff such as Yubaba’s henchmen or her baby. You could watch this film a million times and still find something new. The film opens itself up for interpretation and analysis and has been widely discussed as such. Scenes that I find particularly striking include the attack on Haku as he thrashes into Chihiro’s dorm bloodied and weak and the scene in which Chihiro is sat on the train. The latter is so still and peaceful that it brings a sigh of relief and calm in a film that has brought so much chaos.

Do you love Spirited Away as much as I do? Let me know in the comments below!

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A Nightmare on Elm Street Ranking

If you had to ask me what my favourite horror franchise is, I would say A Nightmare on Elm Street with no hesitation. Home to Wes Craven’s iconic slasher villain, Freddy Krueger, a dream-haunting nightmare with knives for fingers on one hand. He’s disgusting and terrifying and doesn’t let his victims die easily. The first film was released in 1984 and has seen multiple sequels, a reboot and even a feature mashup with another certain horror icon. They’re not to everyone’s taste due to their extreme violence and inappropriate content but as a horror fan, I find them fun to watch. Kruegar is the first truly charismatic slasher to come from this genre as Jason and Michael Myers silently stalk and kill their prey. Freddy on the other hand likes to torment his victims and is constantly making grim jokes about their pending demise. Wes Craven has always been a skilled filmmaker but he really reached his peak with this creation. It’s brilliant and crosses the line between horror and humour. This makes the films entertaining and, dare I say, enjoyable to watch.

Now I’ve already done a ranking for the Child’s Play and Final Destination films which you can read here and here, respectively, but I thought it would be fun to look at this franchise as a whole and see where the films would slot from best to worst.

Without further ado, let’s delve into the nightmare and get on with the reviews:

A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984)

The one that started the nightmare. A Nightmare on Elm Street is a pioneer in the slasher genre, coming after Halloween (1978) and Friday the 13th (1980). Spearheaded by horror legend, Wes Craven and featuring Robert Englund as the gruesome killer, Krueger, we are plunged into a world that sees the teens of Elm Street slashed to death one by one. The film is widely known for its explicit violence, paedophilic themed subtext and also marked Johnny Depp’s film debut. A group of teens start being killed off one by one, apparently by a badly burned man with knives for fingers. Led by Nancy Thompson (Heather Langenkamp), the group work together to trap and kill the monster. It’s an iconic film. Even if you haven’t heard of it, you know what Krueger looks like and the basic premise of the film. Nancy is a brilliant protagonist and just like Laurie Strode in Halloween franchise, she is fearless when needed. It’s strange to think that a genre associated with the subjectification and glorification of violence towards women (which is a completely legitimate issue) also provides such progressive roles for women as well. There’s a humour in this film that you don’t really see in other slashers that would set a trend for franchises like Child’s Play and the sequels for Friday the 13th which purposely become weirder as the films went on.

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A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy’s Revenge (1985)

It’s no secret that I love camp horror films. I love a film that isn’t afraid to be highly satirical of itself and the genre. Despite only being released a year before, Freddy had become somewhat of a titan of horror. A sequel was rushed through with no involvement from Craven and the result is the polar opposite of its predecessor. The film follows the Walsh family who move into the Thomson family home five years after Freddy’s initial defeat. Teenage Jesse (Mark Patton) is struggling to fit in and finds himself getting into fights with his peers at school but his world is quickly flipped when the people who . The film has become a cult classic among fans and is known for its homosexual undertones with Englund himself declaring it a “bisexual film”. There is a strong argument to suggest that Jesse’s inability to fit in is due to his conflict with his own sexuality. The big issue that I have with this film is that it flips Freddy around to be the hero. When he’s bullied by a group of partying teenagers, the audience sympathises with him. This sentiment was shared by Craven himself who stated that Freddy should be “threatening and overpowering” which I think was missing. Freddy becomes a punchline in this feature rather than a genuine threat.

A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987)

This sequel does not get enough love. Coming off the failure of the previous installment, Dream Warriors is a brilliant addition to the franchise. It’s known among fans of the franchise that this film is fantastic but not as well known to horror fans in general who truthfully are missing out. Following a group of young people in a psychiatric ward, we see Freddy messing with the minds of these vulnerable individuals and watch as their pleas are quashed by the doctors and other authorities figures. The film marked Patricia Arquette’s film debut as Kristen Parker, a young teen who is chased in her dreams by Freddy who then cuts her wrists which looks like a suicide attempt to her mother who swiftly commits her to Westin Hills psychiatric hospital. She teams up with a group like her who have had nightmares of the same man and soon they are killed one by one. Calling themselves “dream warriors”, they plan to use their weaknesses as strengths to quash Freddy’s murderous attempts. The film also marks the welcome return of Heather Langenkamp as Nancy who has grown to be a psychiatrist, inspired by the events of her childhood. This film features some of the best death scenes in the franchise and sees Craven taking control of his franchise once again.

A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master (1988)

The film follows the remaining survivors of the third film (Tuesday Knight taking over the role of Kristen Parker) after they have been released from the psychiatric unit one year later. Kristen is still haunted by what happens and Freddy returns to cause havoc on the survivors and their school friends. This is where the films start to play the same routine and becomes more repetitive but trying to make the death scenes as ridiculous as possible. There is even a death where one of the girls is turned into a cockroach and squished! It’s still a good popcorn flick but largely unoriginal. This film also features Lisa Wilcox as new protagonist, Alice Johnson, who takes the helm as scream queen for this segment after befriending Kristen. I like the aspect of bringing someone else into the dream which is continued from the third film into this one. Freddy uses Alice to lure him to her friends who he starts to pick off one by one, including a horrific death involving her asthmatic friend. This installment was the highest grossing the original franchise and kept it that way until 2003’s Freddy vs. Jason so it was a huge hit with audiences.

A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child (1989)

The fifth film follows Alice (Lisa Wilcox) who is still haunted by the events of the fourth film. The opening scene throws us immediately into the dream world as we see Alice as Amanda Krueger, a nun who works in a men’s psychiatric ward who is subsequently raped by masses of inmates when she is accidentally locked among them. She has a second nightmare that sees Freddy as a baby digging up his remains from the fourth film and brings him back to life. After Alice’s boyfriend, Dan (Danny Hassel), dies tragically, Alice is convinced that Freddy is back which is swiftly followed by the revelation that she is pregnant and Freddy subsequently starts to give the unborn baby powers so he can be more like him. There is a lot going on in this film and the more I think about it, the more confused I become. There’s the usual plotline of Freddy killing teenagers then the subplot of Alice’s pregnancy and then there’s the second subplot involving Freddy’s origins. It’s a lot to cram into one film and naturally the film fails because of it.

Freddy’s Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991)

This installment is by far my least favourite. If you thought the previous film was overcomplicated then you’re not prepared for this one. Freddy has killed all the kids and teenagers in a small town and seeks out the one survivor to bring more teens to kill. There are so many questions that come to mind regarding the cannon and where this sits in the universe as there is no reason for his reincarnation from the last one. The adults in the small town have gone insane and there is definitely a strange Twin Peaks tone that they are going for that fails spectacularly. This is probably the rock bottom for the original franchise and seems to just be a money grab rather than a genuine passion project. It also features a cameo from Johnny Depp and a bizarre cameo from Roseanne Barr who plays one of the deranged townspeople.

Wes Craven’s New Nightmare (1994)

This film takes place outside the universe and is a unique experience as it is very meta. Following the making of a new film, Freddy breaks out and starts killing the cast and crew. Featuring a return from Heather Langenkamp and with many of the other parts played by cast and crew. Wes Craven returned for the project and the great thing is that it seems like everyone is genuinely having fun. It’s a shame that this film had become largely forgotten as it is a great addition to the franchise. It’s to Craven’s credit that he is always trying to think of something new while still being faithful to the originals. The Freddy in this film also goes back to darker routes and becomes less comical than the last few installments.

Freddy vs. Jason (2003)

This film is one of those that is so bad it’s great and I love it. Freddy resurrects Friday the 13th villain, Jason Voorhees in a bid to scare the residents of Elm Street while they’re awake so he can kill them while they sleep. Soon enough, Jason starts going on a killing spree which angers Freddy and the two become embroiled in a feud that brings a huge body count. It’s a fun film that ventures on the wackier side and also serves up a variety of stereotypes in an ironic way such as the resident stoner and drunk partying teens. The film is the last to feature Englund as Krueger and stars Ken Kirzinger as Jason. It’s a shame they didn’t follow this up with a sequel as it would have been great to see what more they can do with this universe cursed with this villains. It’s not a great film by any means but it’s a fun popcorn flick. I think what makes this film so enjoyable to watch ishat it isn’t afraid to poke fun at itself and be completely bonkers.

A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010)

This is one of those rare films where I go against the grain a little bit. This film was (rightfully) torn apart by critics like one of Freddy’s victims despite its commercial success. It is equally hated by fans and despised so much that they didn’t even bother making any sequels for this reboot. It’s a rehash of the first film with newcomer Rooney Mara filling the boots for Nancy Thompson. The reason I go against the grain is that I am one of the few people who actually enjoyed this reboot. Don’t get me wrong, it doesn’t hold a candle besides the original at all but I thought it was an interesting take in bringing up the darker themes that couldn’t be discussed in the original, mainly Freddy’s paedophilic nature. I think Jackie Earle Healey is one of the most underrated actors working today and his performance is a darker take on Englund’s Krueger. I understand why his performance wasn’t well received because the humour and charisma is what differentiates Kruegar from other slasher villains. Also, Mara is one of my favourite actresses working today and this is the film that properly introduced me to her (aside from The Social Network but that was a small support role). I thought that the darker tone was an interesting aspect to explore but I do think ultimately the film suffers because of this and becomes just another horror film.

So that’s all of the reviews done and dusted. I am not sure if they’re going to create anymore, especially since Craven has since sadly passed, but it would be intriguing to see how they would reintroduce Freddy in this new revolutionary climate.

Here is my ranking:

1) A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984)

2) A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987)

3) A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master (1988)

4) A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy’s Revenge (1985)

5) Wes Craven’s New Nightmare (1994)

6) Freddy vs. Jason (2003)

7) A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child (1989)

8) A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010)

9) Freddy’s Dead: the Final Nightmare (1991)

What do you think? Which one is your favourite? Let me know in the comments below!

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Nosferatu the Vampyre (1979)

The vampire genre is one that has proven longevity since the popularity of Bram Stoker’s Dracula. Since the inception of film as an artistic genre, we have seen vampires populate horror ever since the 1922 classic Nosferatu. It’s a genre that has become a parody unto itself thanks to its association with teen franchises and the common link between vampirism and sex. What makes Werner Herzog’s 1979 masterpiece so impactful is the sincerity and the minimalism with which it is executed. Herzog brings such a natural approach to the production and yet everything is so clearly calculated. Starring Bruno Ganz as Jonathan Harker, Isabelle Adjani as his wife, Lucy and Klaus Kinski as the titular character, the film follows the story of Jonathan Harker and his encounter with the mysterious Count Dracula who lives among ruins in Transylvania. Dracula subsequently ventures into Wismar and brings along a rat infestation causing a plague in the village while feeling entranced by Lucy. The film is a haunting adaptation of the classic tale and with minimal violence, effectively mounts up fear thanks to the emotionally charged script and the isolating direction.

First thing to talk about is Herzog’s direction and screenplay which I have touched on a bit. What’s genius about Nosferatu the Vampyre is its timelessness. It’s a film that could have been made today and still received in the same way. I think that is a credit to Herzog’s talent as a writer and filmmaker that he is able to create a film that is so unique and provided an impact to the horror genre. The first act of the film follow Jonathan’s journey to Transylvania and is fairly slow burning with the middle portion showing Jonathan’s encounter with Nosferatu and his downfall and the final act sees the plague takeover and final showdown. Herzog successfully creates rounded characters in its main three protagonists: Jonathan, Lucy and Dracula and easily follows their isolated storylines before merging together in Wismar. The film becomes an intricate puzzle and Herzog cleverly manages to slot the pieces in the right place by making it more than a simple linear structure.

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Due to the lack of blood and violence, it’s up to the actors to evoke the fear in the film and the cast does so perfectly. Headed by Ganz and Adjani as the Harkers, we are immediately immersed in their world from the opening shot of Lucy screaming herself awake from a nightmare. Kinski isn’t physically in the film that long and first appears halfway through but his presence can be felt even when he is not onscreen. As we see Jonathan succumb to vampirism, we see his attitude shift from loving husband to isolated madman in a performance that is portrayed brilliantly by Ganz. The highlight for me comes from Adjani for her stellar performance as Lucy. Considering the film was made in 1979, Lucy is such a complex character. Herzog makes the audience believe that she is weak and feeble as she struggles to cope when Jonathan sets off on his journey but her strength shines through in the aftermath of the plague that sets upon Wismar. As we see a society led by men crumble, Lucy can be seen actively trying to solve the problem against the advice of the supposedly wise Dr Van Helsing (Walter Ladengast). The nightmares and instincts that Lucy create a sense of otherworldliness to her as she is viewed as a force for Good against the Evil of Nosferatu.

I don’t think I would be doing the film justice if I were not to discuss the iconic soundtrack provided by Popol Vol and featuring the Vocal Ensemble Gordela. The score brings in new sounds and unexpected notes which exemplify the films various twists and turns. It’s hauntingly beautiful and grabs your attention instantly. The score helps the film’s impact on the viewer and really elevates the experience and horror of the subject matter. The track “Tsintskaro” performed by the Vocal Ensemble Gordela is among the many musical highlights in this film as we see Lucy as she ventures through the town square among the madness of the fellow villagers. The incorporation of this traditional folksong brings forth the culture into the film and it clearly made an impact as it also provided inspiration for Kate Bush who sampled this song in “Hello Earth”.

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It goes without saying that Nosferatu the Vampyre is my favourite vampire film and among my top horrors of all time. I think that there is a strong argument to say it is the best vampire film of all time and struggle to think of a horror film that has impacted me more. It’s brilliance comes in its simplicity and its fear comes from the performances which shows what a fantastic cast and crew this film had. All the components mesh together beautifully to create a film that is still haunting and impactful 40 years on.

What do you think of Nosferatu the Vampyre? Let me know in the comments below!

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Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)

Based on the Edward Albee stageplay of the same name and marking Mike Nichols’ directorial debut, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? follows older couple, Martha (Elizabeth Taylor) and George (Richard Burton) as the cracks in their relationship between to crack and crumble with the arrival of newlywed couple Nick (George Segal) and Honey (Sandy Dennis). Very much like the stage production, the film itself is minimalistic and relies on the strength of the actors’ performances which is provided in spades. Elizabeth Taylor who gives her best performance since her Tennesee Williams duo with Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958) and Suddenly, Last Summer (1959).

The screenplay is nothing short of amazing. Adapted by Ernest Lehman and there are only minor differences to the film, largely due to location. The Albee play is set only in Martha and George’s house whereas the film gives us a short break in a local roadhouse. It’s not a change that creates any detriment to the film and makes for an opportunity to see how these characters act outside of the comfort of the homely setting. Martha and George’s son is given a name in the film, Nick, in the film adaptation but does not have a name in the play. Again, this is an understandable change as it creates a more emotional charge for the audience as it feels more “real” and relatable when giving him a name. This is similar to the narrator in Truman Capote’s novella Breakfast at Tiffany’s who is given the name, Paul Varjak, which probably makes it easier to confirm especially when protagonist Holly Golightly refers to him as “Fred” after her brother. Changes as small as these don’t compromise the vision of the film and in Lehman’s case, it brings a different dimension to Albee’s play and enhances it in some ways.

Taylor had had her fair share of turbulance with the press and public as her lifestyle and general sexuality was judged and she was seen as a poor role model but this film allows us to see that she isn’t afraid to “deglamourise” and get gritty when needed. She has always been a brilliant actress as previously proven but portraying Martha gives us a chance to see the darker side as Martha manipulates and instigates. She is such an unlikeable character but Taylor has such a presence that it is impossible to feel Martha’s power as she dominates with her physicality. She manipulates the audience into feeling how she wants them to feel, gaining sympathy when needed and repulsion when required. Her performance is nuanced and showed that her career was far from over.

Richard Burton on the other hand plays the oppressed husband waiting to explode as Martha provokes again and again. One of the best actors of the Golden Age of Hollywood, Burton was seriously undervalued during his lifetime and found himself without an Oscar despite seven nominations under his belt. This was indeed one of those performances and despite his brilliance, this really is Taylor’s film. That isn’t to say that his performance isn’t excellent because it is among his best of the best and shows the potential that he was capable of being succombing to alcoholism.

The supporting actors, Segal and Dennis shine as the young couple seemingly in love. The longer they spend time with the miserable elders, they start to see parallels in their own relationship. Sandy Dennis is particularly eyecatching as Honey, the initially subdued housewife who then begins to disagree with her husband. It captured the Academy’s attention as well who award her with the Best Supporting Actress gong. The arrival of the young couple gradually means that the film becomes a game of Chinese whispers as secrets are thrown around to the wrong people and conflicts happen every five minutes. It’s a spiderweb of the complexity of relationship and ultimately seeks to find the foundation of their relationship and destroy it. The ending then leaves the question of what happens next as their years of marriage and lies lay bare in front of them.

The film is a great example that plays can be adapted successfully to the big screen without making big compromises. The film allows the actors to bounce off each other rather than blending into a spectacle. Seeing Taylor and Burton onscreen is always a treat as well and to see such volatile performances makes the film raw and honest. It’s a film that feels enormously progressive for its time as the couple grieve over the death of their son, deal with their bad habits and open up about their tumultuous marriage. The characters are not trying to be likeable because they react as their character would react rather than catering to a Hollywood audience as the big studios would play it.

What do you think of the film? Let me know in the comments below!